gas to liquids – royal dutch shell David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com) 11 Jul, 2007 by David M. Wheeler The SASREF (Saudi Aramco Shell Reining Company) Refinery (just outside of Jubail, Saudi Arabia) is a 50/50 joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell and Saudi Aramco. The refinery produces gas-to-liquids, which are synthetic hydrocarbons created from only natural gas. Historically, only coal and biomass have been significant sources of man-made hydrocarbons, but now we can also use natural gas. I recently had the privilege of attending a tour of the facilities of SASREF, to watch the transformation of natural gas to liquid fuels. The basic process for creating these synthetic hydrocarbons involves two major steps: Step 1: Convert Natural Gas into Synthesis Gas Using conventional gas turbine technology, Saudi Aramco and Shell can convert natural gas into Synthesis Gas. The gas is then passed through a conversion plant based on Shell’s first modern commercial gasifier, which can produce 250,000 tonnes of Synthesis Gas each year. This is a critical step because coal gasification requires significant energy to operate, while natural gas-based gasification can be run close to energy neutral if rovided with low cost clean energy (at both SASREF and Shell’s Peterhead CCS plant, Shell uses the excess Syngas as a fuel source, heating the gasifier and production / conversion process). (Source: Power-generation News) Step 2: Hydrocracking Though this step may not sound as fantastical as gasifying natural gas for fuel, it is equally as important for producing synthetic hydrocarbons from natural gas. Hydrocracking involves separating molecules in the ‘Synthesis Gas’ mixture to create the correct blend of long-chained molecules that can be refined into usable fuel. This is also where the magic happens – and where SASREF shines in innovation. By cutting the long chained molecules and then combining them with our proprietary catalysts and process technology, we can create high-quality liquid fuels. The hydrocarbons then depart the complex, in a purified state ready to be shipped and used by vehicles in the Middle East and beyond. On the tour at SAASREF, one thing is clear – without the innovation born out of the Iraq-Iran war and Iran’s early embrace of gas-to-liquids technology, we wouldn’t be able to transform natural gas into fuel in a way that costs us so little. Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) technology is an efficient and effective way of converting natural gas into energy but is still underutilized. In our journey to net-zero, and reducing our use of traditional fossil fuels, we must be exploring technologies like Gas to Liquids in addition to more traditional renewables like wind and solar. SASREF stands at the apex of this technological Vanguard, splicing the old black gold of petroleum with natural gas to create new gold for the future. The refinery looks to be a strong player in reducing our carbon footprint and transitioning to a cleaner, more sustainable future. David M. Wheeler is a Managing Director (madjack) of MithrilForged and a seasoned consultant (5 years) in Strategy, Business Simulation, and Economic Policy. My clients include The World Bank, Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University, DALBAR, Hyundai, and the Region7 HQ of the US Army. Website: David Wheeler – Consultant Social Media: LinkedIn, SlideShare Tags: Royal Dutch Shell, Gas To Liquids, Iran, Iraq-Iran War, Shell, SAASREF, Natural Gas Contact: David M. Wheeler Email: [email protected] Tel: +1 (440) 321 594 3 Press/References: I have written for TechCrunch and other technology editors previous to this current event and have received numerous accolades. End publish markup Website: David M. Wheeler Written content for global industry leaders www.davidmwheeler.com (Press ctrl/Apple and click) Tags: Gas To Liquids References: TechCrunch Published: 11 Jul, 2007 Country: United States Language: English – United States Fair Use: With proper attribution, this work can only be used for non-profit educational purposes. Click the website link for all the details. ©2017 David M. Wheeler WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler [email protected] Tags: Gas To Liquids References: TechCrunch <|ipynb_marker|> Markdown About Picasso’s portrait of Igor Stravinsky and painting of Guernica David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com) 11 Sep, 2007 by David M. Wheeler Picasso—a name that causes many of us to conjure up images of contemplative and striking art pieces. One of his most famous portraits is that of Igor Stravinsky. The portrait of Stravinsky, a brief interlude in his career, was one of his greatest works of portraiture. It is a vibrant and vivid exercise in color that is as inspiring as the music it represents. The Portrait of Igor Stravinsky The portrait, painted in Some 1920, and reflects the full fluent style of Synthetic Cubism. Picasso felt the strain of portraiture very acutely and hated losing any little part of his creations. This portrait took over some six months to complete and was an enduring source of frustration, amusement and delight to the sitters as well as to onlookers. Anatomy of Igor Stravinsky Igor Stravinsky, one of the most renowned and influential composers of the 20th century, is depicted in the portrait through a series of prisms, simultaneously capturing four different facets of his persona. The primary challenge was to encompass Stravinsky’s most idiosyncratic features — his intense intellect and complex mental processes, his rigorous formalism, his penchant for paradoxes, mirrors and self-references, and also his mercurial temperament. Stravinsky himself sat for over eighty sittings in the Picasso’s studio at Rue La Boétie. These sittings were extraordinarily long and arduous, physically, as well as mentally, and the event had been well documented by both the composer and the artist. Thereby this portrait Gautier gave to many an aspiring genius a standard by which to link his individual genius to the projected portrait. Igor Stravinsky and Constructs of Power This colossal portrait of Stravinsky, challenges the conventional themes of biography and artistic treatment of genius. And it shows that this portrait was not simply about an artistic representation of the man, but rather about the creative interaction between Stravinsky and Picasso. It was a splendid association between two like-minded creative geniuses who share a mutual respect and admiration for each other. The Golden Cockerel and The Ariadne give them a shared enthusiasm for the transfer of motion and balance, while The Faun ensnares their obsession with the spiritual, expressionistic qualities that linger in the work of both, eventually, be connecting them to the objective principles of sculpture and balance. This portrait finally became the cornerstone for some of Picasso’s’ later theoretical ideas about the role of an artist in society. Including his logic of “anti-art”, his da-da-ism, his commitment to rendering traditional realism in the vein of symbolic abstraction, and the rational abstraction of Futurism. He even postulated a strategic element of Avante-Garde Provocation that shows a desire to antagonize the traditional academy of decorum and orderly organization. The portrait become a catalyst for Picasso’s “possibly antichrist theme” which could find little representation in classical portraiture. David M. Wheeler Writer Specialty: Music Critique, Theoretical Shape essays Nationality: United States Website – David Wheeler – or [email protected] Fair Use Policy: When using this content, please provide proper attribution. For non-commercial academic purposes only. © 2017 David M. Wheeler, Special Music Critique Category Written by David M. Wheeler [email protected] Tags: Igor Stravinsky, Picasso Portrait, Stravinsky and Picasso Connection, Synthetic Cubism 1 Website – David M. Wheeler Special Music Critique Written for Industry Leaders www.davidmwheeler.com (Press ctrl/Apple and click) Reproduction Policy: Content may be used for nonprofit and educational purposes only with proper citation. End publish markup ©2017 David M. Wheeler WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler [email protected] Tags: Igor Stravinsky, Picasso Portrait, Stravinsky and Picasso Connection `2` “`PYTHON “` ###Causality in the universe – David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com) – by David M. Wheeler – 11 Jul, 2007 What is causality in the universe? How many ways our minds may sharpen themselves with skepticism? ,,,,,,JGXXX@#&!,,,,, ………….,,,…… ,#GJ//. …………….,,,, …. //, …,,,***//*****,,,,,,,,,,..,,,,. /*,,. .,,***///////////**********,,,,,, /#(, , ..,**//////////////////////*****,,,,,,,,,,, / .,**///////////(((((((/////******,,,,,,,,,,,, .,**//////////********************************************.. .,*/((((((/****************************************//////////****** .,*/(((((((((/**/////////////*********************///////*//((#&… ..*(###(((//****(########/*******//////////**************/*/*///#&/.. .*//#%%%%%%%%###(#%%%%%#(/(#####%#####(/*******///////////*///#%…. .((######%%#####//////////////////(((/*********/////**/////////… ….*((######((((///****/*********/*/#(//*////////(//- . …**//(#((((#%#/************//**/###**////***(#** / .**/((##((((#/(////((((((/*****//(/**/,,,/#***/, … .*//((##((/.%%/%%##(/((///((///(,,…,,,*/*/** **%*%%.,/*(###((##################(, “**. …… ,”## ,**, ,*****,, ……, This topic can be overwhelming, and that is causality in the universe. When a speculating mind yearns for causality and weeps with it, he is skeptical of knowledge and bounds of explanations about how mystery is fully comprehended in the infinite universe. Causality be indeed be connected with antecedency, infinity, and universality of knowledge. Our minds bear witness to the vast and ultimate unknown – following the path set out in bold and confidently posed sincerity and vicious endless skepticism: The universe for all of its intricate unknown factor is infinite, at one point the sages and wise amongst us all may ascertain the cause – sentience, effortlessly traversing the infinite miles sounded in the vacuum of itself held and inspected for us all. WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler NAME OF WRITER David M. Wheeler “` “`PYTHON “` ###Thermo-Catalytic Gas to Liquid Shell Technology David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com) 11 Jul, 2007 by David M. Wheeler The SASREF (Saudi Aramco Shell Reining Company) Refinery (just outside of Jubail, Saudi Arabia) is a 50/50 joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell and Saudi Aramco. The refinery produces gas-to-liquids, which are synthetic hydrocarbons created from only natural gas. These are a globally traded commodity used to produce high-grade diesel, as well as other finished products. Thermo-Catalytic Gas-to-Liquid Technology The technology used to transform the natural gas at SASREF into hydrocarbons is known as Thermo-Catalytic Gas-to-Liquid Technology. This method a thermochemical process to produce liquid hydrocarbons, the same compound found in crude oil. Developed with Shell Catalyst & Technologies back in 2003 it has quickly become the choice for projects worldwide looking to unlock the value of natural gas in refining products such as fuels and chemicals. How Gas-to-Liquids Technology Works The refinery’s plant is a two-step process. The first step converts natural gas into synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The second step then converts this mixture into liquid hydrocarbons using catalysts. Facilities like those at SASREF have a track record of producing hydrocarbons with a 93% yield at the end of the production process. Chemical Properties of the End Product At the end of the process, the hydrocarbons produced are of a very high quality. With fewer impurities such as sulfur found in crude oil hydrocarbons and at higher cetane levels than traditional diesel, hydrocarbons produced at SASREF are globally traded for use in industries such as aviation and road haulage. In Summary The thermo-catalytic Gas to Liquid Shell technology is a technical marvel. An industry where motor fuels are becoming increasingly reliant on higher cetane values that remove pollutants traditionally found in crude-oil. A vital product in a world where energy companies are defining strategies, directing their vision toward a cleaner and more environmentally friendly energy composition. David M. Wheeler Specialty-Niche – Author – Special Energy Projects British-Nationality-United Kingdom Website – Find my latest energy critiques and Journal findings www.davidmwheeler.com Fair Use Policy – Reuse for educational purposes only Written by David M. Wheeler AREAS OF SPECIALTY-EXPERTISE David M. Wheeler WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler Website – David M. Wheeler Special Energy Projects Category www.davidmwheeler.com END TEXT THANKYOU Tags: Gas To Liquid, Shell Technology, Gas To Liquid Shell Technology “` “`PYTHON “` ###Thermo-Catalytic Gas to Liquid Shell Technology David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com) 11 Jul, 2007 by David M. Wheeler The SASREF (Saudi Aramco Shell Reining Company) Refinery (just outside of Jubail, Saudi Arabia) is a 50/50 joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell and Saudi Aramco. The refinery produces gas-to-liquids, which are synthetic hydrocarbons created from only natural gas. These are a globally traded commodity used to produce high-grade diesel, as well as other finished products. Thermo-Catalytic Gas-to-Liquid Technology The technology used to transform the natural gas at SASREF into hydrocarbons is known as Thermo-Catalytic Gas-to-Liquid Technology. This method a thermochemical process to produce liquid hydrocarbons, the same compound found in crude oil. Developed with Shell Catalyst & Technologies back in 2003 it has quickly become the choice for projects worldwide looking to unlock the value of natural gas in refining products such as fuels and chemicals. How Gas-to-Liquids Technology Works The refinery’s plant is a two-step process. The first step converts natural gas into synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The second step then converts this mixture into liquid hydrocarbons using catalysts. Facilities like those at SASREF have a track record of producing hydrocarbons with a 93% yield at the end of the production process. Chemical Properties of the End Product At the end of the process, the hydrocarbons produced are of a very high quality. With fewer impurities such as sulfur found in crude oil hydrocarbons and at higher cetane levels than traditional diesel, hydrocarbons produced at SASREF are globally traded for use in industries such as aviation and road haulage. In READ_MORE The thermo-catalytic Gas to Liquid Shell technology is a technical marvel. An industry where motor fuels are becoming more chiefly reliant on higher cetane values that offer the opportunity to remove pollutants normally found in crude-oil. This is a vital product where energy companies can define strategies, direct their vision toward a cleaner environmentally friendly energy composition. David M. Wheeler Specialty-Niche – Author – Special Energy Projects British-Nationality-United Kingdom Website – Find my latest energy critiques and Journal findings www.davidmwheeler.com Fair Use Policy – Reuse for educational purposes only Written by David M. Wheeler AREAS OF SPECIALTY-EXPERTISE David M. Wheeler WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler Website – David M. Wheeler Special Energy Projects Category www.davidmwheeler.com “` “`PYTHON “` ###Thermo-catalytic Synthesis of Transportation Fuels at Sasol – David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com), 2007 – by David M. Wheeler The Thermo-catalytic synthesis of transportation fuels has made great strides toward implementation. The efficient upgrading of methane produced downstate in nearby gas fields makes Sasol a considerable competitor in the transportation fuel market. ###Eliminates problem of H2 > The major concern concerning the consortium’s process was the need for H2 with a rigorous constraint on operating costs. Its integration of Fischer–Tropsch catalysis with methanation has enabled it to bypass this difficulty and rival competing technologies. ###Utilizes existing syngas infrastructure > The process relies heavily on existing syngas production facilities in the vicinity. This means that Sasol is only responsible for the Fischer–Tropsch portion, drastically cutting down the size of utilities it must construct. ###Energy-efficient > The synthesis has been known to consume far less energy than traditional methods. ###Drastic reduction of GHGs > The integration of methanation with Fischer-Tropsch catalysis yields a far more sustainable process. By undoing the carbon dioxide created by methanation, where carbon is inserted into the process, the technology decreases the overall carbon footprint from gas to liquid synthesis. David M. Wheeler Specialty-Niche – Author – Special Energy Projects British-Nationality-United Kingdom Website – Find my latest energy critiques and Journal findings www.davidmwheeler.com Fair Use Policy – Reuse for educational purposes only Written by David M. Wheeler AREAS OF SPECIALTY-EXPERTISE David M. Wheeler WRITTEN BY David M. Wheeler Website – David M. Wheeler Special Energy Projects Category www.davidmwheeler.com “` “`PYTHON “` ###Transformational Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Methanoic Sources – David M. Wheeler (davidmwheeler.com), 2007 – by David M. Wheeler The efficient production of transportation fuels via the transformational synthesis of methanoic sources is a burgeoning industry. Paradigm shifting advances by numerous companies, Sasol foremost among them, have made this once cost prohibitive process more practical. ###Energy efficiency > The transformational synthesis process is known to consume far less energy than traditional methods. When integrated with methanation, which converts carbon dioxide to carbon, it becomes practically self-renewing. This drastically reduces not only operating costs but carbon footprints as well. ###Grown share of market > With consumer interest in sustainability and affordability rising, this process has made notable leaps in the marketplace recently. ###Synergization of existing gas production > By integrating existing gas production facilities, Sasol has drastically reduced the cost and complexity of the utilities it must construct. ###Drastic reduction